Types of Engine lubrication system

Parts Required Lubrication:

1) Crankshaft bearing

2) Crank pin

3) Big End Bearing at Connecting

4) Small end Bearing of Connecting rod

5) Busheg of Gudgeon Pins

6) Inter wall of cylinder

7) Piston Rings

8) Valve operate Mechanism

9) Timing gears

10) Camshaft Bearing

Types of Lubrication: 

There are three types of lubrication system. 1) Fluid type Lubrication, 2) Semi Solid, 3) Solid solid

1) Fluid type lubrication : Use in Engine Lubrication system.

2) Semi Solid : This types of lubrication normally use in Rod Spring, Tension Bar.

Lubricating systems :

The majority of engines use a wet sump system in which the engines use a wet sump system in which the engine sump acts as a reservoir. Friction between engine components is reduced by:

➤ Boundary Lubrication - relies on oil being splashed up onto the surfaces,
➤ Full film lubrication - an oil film is maintained by forcing the oil between the surfaces by an oil pump.

The different lubrication systems are described below.

Petroil System : For lubrication of a two-stroke engine, mobil oil is mixed with petrol itself. The mixture flows to various engine parts and provides lubrication. As such there is no separate lubrication arrangement.This lubrication system is called petroil system. If an engine having this type of lubrication system is not operated for a long time, the engine oil shall settle at the bottom. In that case, re-starting the engine can cause some problem.

Splash system : The lubricating oil is stored in an oil through or sump. A scoop or dipper is made in the lowest part of the connecting rod. During every revolution of the crankshaft, the dipper dips in the oil and splashes it. Cylinder walls, piston rings, crankshaft bearings are lubricated this way.

Pressure System : In this system, the engine parts are lubricated under pressure feed. The lubricating oil is stored in the sump. An oil pump takes the oil through a strainer and delivers it through a filter to the main oil gallery at a pressure of 2-4 kg/cm² .

Semi-pressure System : It is the combination of splash system and pressure system. Some parts are lubricated by splash system and some parts by pressure system. Almost all four-stroke engines are lubricated by this system.

Dry Sump System: In this system, the oil is carried in a  separate tank from where it fed to the engine. pumped back to the oil tank by a separate delivery pump. There are, therefore, two pumps in this system- one to feed oil and the other to deliver it back to the oil tank.

Duel Lubrication system : The dual Lubrication system of diesel engine includes first and second independent lubricating systems.

• The first lubrication system, containing conventional engine oil, lubricates those parts of the engine that are subjected to excessive wear.

•  The second lubrication system, utilizing diesel fuel as its lubricant, lubricates that section of the engine not subjected to extreme wear- the crankcase section. After serving as an engine crankcase lubricant,  the diesel fuel is returned to the fuel tank to be used as diesel fuel to power the engine in the conventional manner.

By not being exposed to engine crankcase blowby exhaust gas , the useful life of the engine oil in the first lubrication system is extended. By absorbing pollutants contained in the crankcase blowby exhaust gases, the diesel fuel re-circulates those pollutants through the fuel system to be burned in the combustion chamber, thereby filtering these contaminates from the engine lubricant and eliminating lubrication changes in this crankcase section of the diesel engine.

Accordingly the first lubrication system prolongs the useful life of engine oil, and the second lubrication system that utilizes diesel fuel to lubricates that section of the engine and then re-circulate such fuel through the fuel system to be burned and exhausted, thus eliminating lubricant changes in the crankcase section of the diesel engine.