Thermo-syphon System of Liquid Cooling:
This system is based on the principle of convection currents. A jacket surrounds the cylinder. A flexible hose connects top of the jacket to the top of the radiator. Similarly bottom of the jacket is connected to the bottom of the radiator by another hose. When the coolant is heated because of the heat from the cylinders, it expands. Its density reduces and so it rises to the header tank, the highest point of the system. The temperature of the coolant falls in the radiator because of the air passing over the tubes. Coolant contracts, its density increases and, therefore, falls to the bottom of the system.
For efficient working of this system, it is necessary that:
• There is sufficiently large quantity of coolant as the circulation is not rapid.
• The cylinders should be at a lower level as compared to the radiator so that coolant, which gets heated in the jacket may rise to the top of the radiator and coolant which is cooled may sink into the jacket.
• The passages and connections should be large so that there is least obstruction in the movement of the coolant.
Pump Circulation:
A pump is used in all modern engines for positive circulation of coolant. Coolant is pumped from the top of the engine to the top of the radiator. During its flow through the radiator, heat is lost to the air. Coolant is then pumped back through the engine. Various parts of this system of coolant circulation are described below.
Water pump:
An impeller type water pump is mounted at the front end of the engine. A pulley on the end of the crankshaft drives the pump through a belt. The pump causes the coolant to move from the bottom tank of the radiator into the engine water jacket. The coolant then leaves the water jackets and moves to the header tank of the radiator.
This system is based on the principle of convection currents. A jacket surrounds the cylinder. A flexible hose connects top of the jacket to the top of the radiator. Similarly bottom of the jacket is connected to the bottom of the radiator by another hose. When the coolant is heated because of the heat from the cylinders, it expands. Its density reduces and so it rises to the header tank, the highest point of the system. The temperature of the coolant falls in the radiator because of the air passing over the tubes. Coolant contracts, its density increases and, therefore, falls to the bottom of the system.
For efficient working of this system, it is necessary that:
• There is sufficiently large quantity of coolant as the circulation is not rapid.
• The cylinders should be at a lower level as compared to the radiator so that coolant, which gets heated in the jacket may rise to the top of the radiator and coolant which is cooled may sink into the jacket.
• The passages and connections should be large so that there is least obstruction in the movement of the coolant.
Pump Circulation:
Water pump:
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